Cell Potential and Spontaneity

  • A positive E value indicates a spontaneous process.
  • A negative E value indicates a nonspontaneous process.
  • Activity Series of Metals
    Any metal in the activity series is oxidized by the ions of any metal below it.
  • The activity series is based on the oxidation reactions of metals, ordered from strongest reducing agent at the top to the weakest reducing agent at the bottom.
  • Relationship between emf and free-energy change
    ΔG = -nFE
  • n = number of moles of electrons transferred
  • F = 96485 C/mol = 96485 J/V-mol
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