• background color
• background-image
• background-repeat
• font, font-family, font size font-weight, font-style

Padding is inside the element border, while margin is outside the element border.  Element's background is within the element's border.  
Thus, margin is considered 
From inside to out: Element content - Padding - border - margin. 

px, mm,  em, ex, pt, in (inches), etc. 

• Cursor 
• Display 
• Width, height
• Position (top, bottom, left, right)

• Padding, padding-left
• Border, border-bottom
• Margin

Font is inherited from parent.. unless otherwise specified  

Most specific rules wins.  
Ex. #idk1 vs td, #idk1 wins!
Ex. in element vs inherited style
Ex. two classes applying to one element - the one defined last will override in rule conflicts 

URL - Uniform resource locator (link target) 

History 
1960s - Ted Nelson (Xanadu)
1968 - Doug Englebart ("mother of all demos")
1987 - Hyeriard 

Scheme- http: or https: (secure),  file: (content is local file), ftp:
Host name of server
Port - (default :80) 
Hierarchical porton - file name, or path for program (for dynamic web content), className/method (goes to method's class and prints out whatever it gives), routing (how to interpret)