• Opened trade to all nation except France and Britain
• expired in 1810

• Gave the president power to prohibit trade with any nation that violated our neutrality

Federalists

• Hamilton
• favored strong central gov.
• believed Constitution had "implied powers"
• loose interpretation of the Constitution
• supported by buisiness and finiacial groups of Northeast and port cities of South
• Federalist Papers

Anti-Federalists/Republicans

• Jefferson and Madison
• stricts interpretation of the Constituition
• opposed National Bank
• supported by rural and frotneir areas of South and West

• we should not use/support political parties b/c they will divide the nation
• we should stay out of European affairs

1. Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferon
2. Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton
3. Secretary of War: Henry Knox
4. Attorney General: Edmund Randolf

• Issued a Neutrality Proclamation
• Citizen Garnet violated it by trying to encourage popular support for France

• Spanish opened the Mississippi River to American traffic
• right to deposit in the port city of new Orleans
• recognized the 31st parallel as the Northern Boundary of Florida

• Fronteri farmers, angry over the excise tax on whiskey, attacked tav collectors
• Washington sent out troops to quell rebellion

• A 3-person delegation was sent to France to persuade the French to stop harassing American shipping
• 3 subordinates of the French Minister Tallyrand asked for a bribe from the American agents but they refused
• America was outraged, "millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute"
• since French officials were unnamed, incident titled "XYZ Affair"

• A Naturalization Act lengthened residence requirement for aliens to become citizens
• 2 Alien Acts authorized detention or deportation of "dangerous" aliens (never enforced)
• A Sedition Act provided for restrictions on freedom of speech and freedromof press

• in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts
• proposed that John Locke's "compact theory" should be applied so as to let state bodies to nullify federal laws
• adopted only in two states so resolutions died

1. Secretary of State: James Madison
2. Secretary of Treasury: Albert Gallatin

• set precident of judicial review

• Jefferson sent a party to France to attempt to buy New Orleans
• Napoleon offered Jefferson the entire territory of Luoisiana for $15 million instead
• American delegation accepted
• Jefferson believed in the strict interpretation of the Constitution so he wasn't sure if this was the right thing to do
• greatly increased the power of the presidency

• sent Lewis and Clark to explore America's Western Territory to the Pacific
• Zebulon Pike explored the Louisiana Purchase and mapping it

• attempted seccession movement
• led by Aaron Burr
• Hamilton led opposition to the campaign
• when Burr lost he challenged Hamilton to a duel, Hamiton was shot and killed

• War between France and Britain
• Both wanted to stop between the U.S. and the enemy nation
• American ships were seized by both sides and American Sailors were "impressed" into British Navy

Chesapeak-Leopard Affair

• British ship H.M.S. Leopard stopped American ship U.S.S Chesapeake off Chesapeake Bay
• 4 alleged British deserters were taken off
• public enraged

Embargo of 1807

• Jefferson's response to war cry
• law prohibiting AMerican ships from leaving foreign ports thus avoiding foreign vessels
• result: economic depression 
• extremely unpopular

• The Barbary Coast Pirates in the Mediterranean requested tribute in return for not attacking the merchant ships of countries
• Sick of this, Jefferson sent out troops to defeat them

• Spanish American War

• "fifty-four forty or fight" (wanted land up to 54 40 parallel)
• after he took office, however, he back doon territory by negotiating withwn from his demand for all of the Oreg