REFORM MOVEMENTS
Second Great Awakening - started in west
Social reform - "perfectability"
Suffrage - Susan B Anthony, Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Publish Declaration of Sentiments - "all men/women created equal"
Women Antislavery Movement
"Self-control" - getting rid of alcohol
Women/children could not sustain themselves
Alcohol's negative effects
Led to Prohibition
Reformer
Fought for rights of mentally ill
Transcendentalism - truth transcends the senses
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau - "Civil Disobedience"
- refusal to pay poll tax; against slavery
Knickerbocker Group
Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper
Hudson River School of Art - nature, patriotism
Response to deism (God known by reason, does not intervene)
Unitarianism (one God)
Communal living - (market economy led to individualistic views)
Preachers
Sense of sin
Horace Mann - creation of public schools; equal opportunity
Debtors - prison (previously)
Correctional Institutions - to reform themselves