Eye & Skin Infections

Viral Infections

Infections of the Skin

Bacterial Infections

Parasitic Infections

Infections of the Eye

Protection

1. Continuous bathing of the eye with fluid (tears)

2. Antibacterial properties of tears (Lysozymes)

Eyelid Skin & Glands

- Staph. Aureus may infect the Sebaceous Glands

Conjunctivitis (Bacterial)

- Opthalmia Neonatorum in neonates (following N. Gonorrhoea & C. Trachomatis infection)

- Tachoma (Chlamydia Trachomatis

Conjunctivitis (Viral)

- Pharyngoconjunctival fever & Keratoconjunctivitis (Adenovirus)

- Keratitis (Corneal inflammation)

Endophthalmitis (Orbit infection)

Impetigo

Strep. Pyogenes infection > vesicle lesions > crusted lesions

Folliculitis

Infected hair follicles > small inflamed lesions (pustule centre)

Furuncles & Carbuncles

Progression of folliculitis with larger/deeper lesions

Paronychia (Acute/Chronic)

Infection of the nail fold. Acute due to Staphylococci, Streptococci & Anaerobes

Chronic due to Candida Albicans

Cellulitis

Rapid spreading infection of the skin & subcutaneous tissues (Strep. Pyogenes infection)

Necrotising Fasciitis

Minor wound > destruction of fascia & muscle > debridement & amputation (Strep. Pyogenes infection)

Gas Gangrene

Anaerobic microbe infection > devitalized tissue present > spore germination > bacterial toxins released (Clostridia infection)

Mastitis

Nipple becomes moist/cracked > Staph. Aureus infection > inhibited drainage > staphylococcal abscess formation

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Staph. Aureus infection > toxin production & release

Scalded Skin Syndrome

Baby/Young child exposed to Straph. Aureus > release of exfoliative toxin gene

Tetanus

Anaerobe infection > neurotoxin production > CNS/PNS effected > paralysis

Anthrax

Eschar formation & cellulitis > skin disease (cutaneous), spore inhalation (pulmonary) or contaminated meat (GIT)

Herpes Simplex Virus

HSV-1 infection > Herpes labialis (virus resides in CN V ganglion)

HSV-2 infection > genital herpes (virus resides in sacral ganglion)

HSV-1 infection > Herpetic paronychia

Chicken Pox (Varicella virus)

Varicella-Zoster virus > resides in dorsal root ganglion > Herpes zoster "Shingles)

VZV > zoster ophthalmicus > blinding retinitis

ew Note

Description

Cutaneous Candida Albicans

Neonate infection > nappy rash & intertrigo (dermatitis between skin folds), paronchyia, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Ringworm (Tinea)

Dermatophyte fungi > affects keratinised tissues

Tina versicolor = superficial infection by lipophilic year (produces hypopigmentation (on dark skin) or hyperpigmentation (on light skin)